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= | Logical Volume Management on [[Linux|Linux]] | ||
*[http://www.andybotting.com/how-do-you-clone-an-lvm-partition How do you clone an lvm partition?] | |||
*[https://github.com/radiorabe/rabe-zabbix/tree/master/app/LVM Monitoring with zabbix] | | ||
*[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/ HOWTO] | |||
*[https://www.theurbanpenguin.com/thin-provisioning-lvm2/ Thin provisioning] | = Links = | ||
*[http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_lvm Beginner's guide to LVM] | |||
*[http://theitdepartment.wordpress.com/2008/05/30/howto-resize-a-xen-drbd-lvm-vbd/ Resizing LVM + DRBD] | *[http://www.andybotting.com/how-do-you-clone-an-lvm-partition How do you clone an lvm partition?] | ||
*http://wiki.tldp.org/LVM-on-RAID | *[https://github.com/radiorabe/rabe-zabbix/tree/master/app/LVM Monitoring with zabbix] | ||
*[http://serverfault.com/questions/678642/linux-device-mapper-maps-lvm-pv-nested-inside-lv-when-taking-snapshot LVM nesting] | *[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/ HOWTO] | ||
*http://blog.gadi.cc/better-lvm-for-kvm/ | *[https://www.theurbanpenguin.com/thin-provisioning-lvm2/ Thin provisioning] | ||
*[https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in- | *[http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_lvm Beginner's guide to LVM] | ||
*[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/snapshots_backup.html Taking a Backup Using Snapshots] | *[http://theitdepartment.wordpress.com/2008/05/30/howto-resize-a-xen-drbd-lvm-vbd/ Resizing LVM + DRBD] | ||
*[http://wiki.tldp.org/LVM-on-RAID http://wiki.tldp.org/LVM-on-RAID] | |||
*[http://serverfault.com/questions/678642/linux-device-mapper-maps-lvm-pv-nested-inside-lv-when-taking-snapshot LVM nesting] | |||
*[http://blog.gadi.cc/better-lvm-for-kvm/ http://blog.gadi.cc/better-lvm-for-kvm/] | |||
*[[https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in- https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in-] | |||
*[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/snapshots_backup.html Taking a Backup Using Snapshots] | |||
*[https://linoxide.com/identify-linux-lvm-mirror/ LVM mirrors] | |||
NOTE: remember to add snapshot support when calling lvcreate | NOTE: remember to add snapshot support when calling lvcreate | ||
=Related commands= | | ||
==lvdisplay== | |||
== Raid on LVM == | |||
*[https://www.theurbanpenguin.com/striped-lvm-volumes/ Striped LVM volumes] | |||
*[https://www.linuxsysadmins.com/create-striped-logical-volume-on-linux/ https://www.linuxsysadmins.com/create-striped-logical-volume-on-linux/] | |||
| |||
| |||
= LVM Thin provisioning = | |||
== Show some more about thin volumes == | |||
lvm -a | |||
= Related commands = | |||
== lvs == | |||
== lvdisplay == | |||
== lvrename == | |||
lvrename groupname oldname newname | |||
== pvs == | |||
Show the pyhysical volumens | |||
== pvscan == | |||
== pvresize == | |||
To use after chaning disk/partition size | |||
== vgrename == | |||
==lsblk== | == lsblk == | ||
==partprobe== | == partprobe == | ||
==lvchange== | == lvchange == | ||
==vgchange== | == vgchange == | ||
==dmsetup== | == dmsetup == | ||
==vgs== | == vgs == | ||
== create physical volume == | |||
pvcreate /dev/sda3 | pvcreate /dev/sda3 | ||
| |||
== lvcreate == | |||
lvcreate -L12G -nmyvol myvolumegroup | lvcreate -L12G -nmyvol myvolumegroup | ||
lvcreate -l 100%FREE -nmyvol myvolumegroup | lvcreate -l 100%FREE -nmyvol myvolumegroup | ||
==lvresize== | == lvresize == | ||
lvresize --resizefs -L-2G /dev/vg/foo | lvresize --resizefs -L-2G /dev/vg/foo | ||
or grow to all remaining space vg: | or grow to all remaining space vg: | ||
lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/myvg/myvol | lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/myvg/myvol | ||
==lvremove== | | ||
| |||
== lvremove == | |||
To remove all volumes in group VGname | To remove all volumes in group VGname | ||
lvremove VGname | lvremove VGname | ||
To remove a volume | To remove a volume | ||
lvremove VGname/LVname | lvremove VGname/LVname | ||
== Do you really want to remove active logical volume == | |||
lvchange -a n vgname/lvname | |||
just to make sure | |||
| |||
=== Logical volume X/Y contains a filesystem in use === | |||
[https://www.thegeekdiary.com/lvremove-command-fails-with-error-lvm-cant-remove-open-logical-volume/ https://www.thegeekdiary.com/lvremove-command-fails-with-error-lvm-cant-remove-open-logical-volume/] | |||
Could be NFS. Always remember NFS! If NFS has indeed been involved, restarting nfs service will most likely fix this. | |||
== pvck == | |||
To find the metadata: | To find the metadata: | ||
pvck /dev/sdb1 | pvck /dev/sdb1 | ||
| |||
==LVM snapshot== | == LVM snapshot == | ||
*https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in- | *[https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in- https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in-] | ||
lvcreate --size 1G --snapshot --name snap-1 /dev/myvg/mylv | lvcreate --size 1G --snapshot --name snap-1 /dev/myvg/mylv | ||
Line 65: | Line 135: | ||
where size should be enough to hold the data changes | where size should be enough to hold the data changes | ||
=FAQ= | | ||
==Access logical volumes within logical volume== | |||
= FAQ = | |||
== Access logical volumes within logical volume == | |||
partprobe /dev/mapper/vg-mydata | partprobe /dev/mapper/vg-mydata | ||
lsblk | lsblk | ||
This will show the (sub) partitions/volumes, then edit /etc/lvm/lvm.conf | This will show the (sub) partitions/volumes, then edit /etc/lvm/lvm.conf | ||
filter = [ "a|.*/|", "a|mydata|","r|.*|" ] | filter = [ "a|.*/|", "a|mydata|","r|.*|" ] | ||
Then run: | Then run: | ||
vgscan | vgscan | ||
lvscan | lvscan | ||
vgs | vgs | ||
Now you should see the names of the volumes you're looking for, so now: | Now you should see the names of the volumes you're looking for, so now: | ||
vgchange -a y guestsname_mydata-home | vgchange -a y guestsname_mydata-home | ||
and then you should be able to | |||
and then you should be able to | |||
mount /dev/mapper/guestsname_mydata-home | mount /dev/mapper/guestsname_mydata-home | ||
When done, remember to change back the filter in lvm.conf, default is | When done, remember to change back the filter in lvm.conf, default is | ||
filter = [ "a|.*/|" ] | filter = [ "a|.*/|" ] | ||
and of course then once again | and of course then once again | ||
vgscan | vgscan | ||
lvscan | lvscan | ||
| |||
==vgreduce Can't remove final physical volume== | == vgreduce Can't remove final physical volume == | ||
Means you're trying to remove the last physical volume, instead just use | |||
vgremove | vgremove | ||
==grow logical volume== | |||
https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/extendlv.html | == grow logical volume == | ||
[https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/extendlv.html https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/extendlv.html] | |||
lvextend -L+100G /dev/myvg/myvol | lvextend -L+100G /dev/myvg/myvol | ||
==Add disk to volume group== | == Add disk to volume group == | ||
pvcreate /dev/sdc | pvcreate /dev/sdc | ||
vgextend MYVG /dev/sdc | vgextend MYVG /dev/sdc | ||
And if you need space right now: | And if you need space right now: | ||
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/NYVG/mylv | lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/NYVG/mylv | ||
And then grow fs | And then grow fs | ||
==lvremove: | == lvremove: Logical volume vg-kvm/vps-snapshot is used by another device. == | ||
Could be kpartx, see | Could be kpartx, see | ||
/dev/mapper/ | /dev/mapper/ | ||
==lvremove Logical volume foo/bar in use== | == lvremove Logical volume foo/bar in use == | ||
check with lsof, fuser and: | check with lsof, fuser and: | ||
losetup -l | losetup -l | ||
to see if a /dev/dm-* looks familiar | to see if a /dev/dm-* looks familiar | ||
| |||
*http://naveen161089.blogspot.nl/2014/03/forcefully-remove-lvm.html | *[http://naveen161089.blogspot.nl/2014/03/forcefully-remove-lvm.html http://naveen161089.blogspot.nl/2014/03/forcefully-remove-lvm.html] | ||
some say lvchange -an the snapshot first, but that disables the lv it's connected to as well | some say lvchange -an the snapshot first, but that disables the lv it's connected to as well | ||
OR | OR | ||
dmsetup info -c | dmsetup info -c | ||
http://blog.roberthallam.org/2017/12/solved-logical-volume-is-used-by-another-device/comment-page-1/ | |||
[http://blog.roberthallam.org/2017/12/solved-logical-volume-is-used-by-another-device/comment-page-1/ http://blog.roberthallam.org/2017/12/solved-logical-volume-is-used-by-another-device/comment-page-1/] | |||
| |||
== lvremove Do you really want to remove and DISCARD active logical volume == | |||
If you like, deactivate the volume first: | |||
lvchange -an vgname/lvname | |||
| |||
== Grow physical volume == | == Grow physical volume == | ||
Assuming your LVM partition is the last one, use fdisk to delete and recreate it, remember to set type to LVM again and reboot. | |||
Then use pvresize /dev/sdaX | Assuming your LVM partition is the last one, use fdisk to delete and recreate it, remember to set type to LVM again and reboot. Then use pvresize /dev/sdaX | ||
Or just: | |||
pvresize /dev/sdb | |||
| |||
| |||
== Remove physical drive from a volume group == | == Remove physical drive from a volume group == | ||
Make sure the data fits on remaining | |||
Make sure the data fits on remaining drives, then | |||
pvmove /dev/sdbX | pvmove /dev/sdbX | ||
| |||
vgreduce vgname /dev/sdbX | |||
== Create volume group == | |||
vgcreate vgname /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 | vgcreate vgname /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 | ||
==Device /dev/sdb excluded by filter== | == pvcreate Can't open /dev/sdg exclusively. Mounted filesystem? == | ||
[https://blog.hqcodeshop.fi/archives/274-Replacing-physical-drive-for-LVM-pvcreate-Cant-open-dev-exclusively.html https://blog.hqcodeshop.fi/archives/274-Replacing-physical-drive-for-LVM-pvcreate-Cant-open-dev-exclusively.html] | |||
| |||
== Device /dev/sdb excluded by filter == | |||
Check disk label(gpt!! | |||
Try: | Try: | ||
wipefs -af /dev/sdg | |||
| |||
| |||
== WARNING: Device /dev/dm-17 not initialized in udev database even after waiting 10000000 microseconds. == | |||
Try | |||
udevadm trigger | |||
| |||
== wipefs: error: /dev/sdg: probing initialization failed: Device or resource busy == | |||
try all ways to unbusy | |||
== Check if volume is in use == | |||
dmsetup info -c | dmsetup info -c | ||
Check the 'Open' column | Check the 'Open' column | ||
[[Category: System Administration]] | == WARNING: PV /dev/sda5 in VG foo-vg is using an old PV header, modify the VG to update. == | ||
[[Category: Linux]] | |||
vgck --updatemetadata foo-vg | |||
| |||
== Mount logical volume from disk image == | |||
kpartx -av /path/to.img | |||
lvscan | |||
mount /dev/mapper/what-ever-var /mnt/loop | |||
[[Category:System Administration]] [[Category:Linux]] |
Revision as of 10:47, 14 April 2022
Logical Volume Management on Linux
Links
- How do you clone an lvm partition?
- Monitoring with zabbix
- HOWTO
- Thin provisioning
- Beginner's guide to LVM
- Resizing LVM + DRBD
- http://wiki.tldp.org/LVM-on-RAID
- LVM nesting
- http://blog.gadi.cc/better-lvm-for-kvm/
- [https://www.tecmint.com/take-snapshot-of-logical-volume-and-restore-in-
- Taking a Backup Using Snapshots
- LVM mirrors
NOTE: remember to add snapshot support when calling lvcreate
Raid on LVM
LVM Thin provisioning
Show some more about thin volumes
lvm -a
Related commands
lvs
lvdisplay
lvrename
lvrename groupname oldname newname
pvs
Show the pyhysical volumens
pvscan
pvresize
To use after chaning disk/partition size
vgrename
lsblk
partprobe
lvchange
vgchange
dmsetup
vgs
create physical volume
pvcreate /dev/sda3
lvcreate
lvcreate -L12G -nmyvol myvolumegroup lvcreate -l 100%FREE -nmyvol myvolumegroup
lvresize
lvresize --resizefs -L-2G /dev/vg/foo
or grow to all remaining space vg:
lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/myvg/myvol
lvremove
To remove all volumes in group VGname
lvremove VGname
To remove a volume
lvremove VGname/LVname
Do you really want to remove active logical volume
lvchange -a n vgname/lvname
just to make sure
Logical volume X/Y contains a filesystem in use
https://www.thegeekdiary.com/lvremove-command-fails-with-error-lvm-cant-remove-open-logical-volume/
Could be NFS. Always remember NFS! If NFS has indeed been involved, restarting nfs service will most likely fix this.
pvck
To find the metadata:
pvck /dev/sdb1
LVM snapshot
lvcreate --size 1G --snapshot --name snap-1 /dev/myvg/mylv
where size should be enough to hold the data changes
FAQ
Access logical volumes within logical volume
partprobe /dev/mapper/vg-mydata lsblk
This will show the (sub) partitions/volumes, then edit /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
filter = [ "a|.*/|", "a|mydata|","r|.*|" ]
Then run:
vgscan lvscan vgs
Now you should see the names of the volumes you're looking for, so now:
vgchange -a y guestsname_mydata-home
and then you should be able to
mount /dev/mapper/guestsname_mydata-home
When done, remember to change back the filter in lvm.conf, default is
filter = [ "a|.*/|" ]
and of course then once again
vgscan lvscan
vgreduce Can't remove final physical volume
Means you're trying to remove the last physical volume, instead just use
vgremove
grow logical volume
https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/extendlv.html
lvextend -L+100G /dev/myvg/myvol
Add disk to volume group
pvcreate /dev/sdc vgextend MYVG /dev/sdc
And if you need space right now:
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/NYVG/mylv
And then grow fs
lvremove: Logical volume vg-kvm/vps-snapshot is used by another device.
Could be kpartx, see
/dev/mapper/
lvremove Logical volume foo/bar in use
check with lsof, fuser and:
losetup -l
to see if a /dev/dm-* looks familiar
some say lvchange -an the snapshot first, but that disables the lv it's connected to as well
OR
dmsetup info -c
http://blog.roberthallam.org/2017/12/solved-logical-volume-is-used-by-another-device/comment-page-1/
lvremove Do you really want to remove and DISCARD active logical volume
If you like, deactivate the volume first:
lvchange -an vgname/lvname
Grow physical volume
Assuming your LVM partition is the last one, use fdisk to delete and recreate it, remember to set type to LVM again and reboot. Then use pvresize /dev/sdaX
Or just:
pvresize /dev/sdb
Remove physical drive from a volume group
Make sure the data fits on remaining drives, then
pvmove /dev/sdbX
vgreduce vgname /dev/sdbX
Create volume group
vgcreate vgname /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
pvcreate Can't open /dev/sdg exclusively. Mounted filesystem?
Device /dev/sdb excluded by filter
Check disk label(gpt!!
Try:
wipefs -af /dev/sdg
WARNING: Device /dev/dm-17 not initialized in udev database even after waiting 10000000 microseconds.
Try
udevadm trigger
wipefs: error: /dev/sdg: probing initialization failed: Device or resource busy
try all ways to unbusy
Check if volume is in use
dmsetup info -c
Check the 'Open' column
WARNING: PV /dev/sda5 in VG foo-vg is using an old PV header, modify the VG to update.
vgck --updatemetadata foo-vg
Mount logical volume from disk image
kpartx -av /path/to.img lvscan mount /dev/mapper/what-ever-var /mnt/loop