Ssh

Links

• Understanding ssh-agent and ssh-add
• https://www.ssh.com/ssh/key/

HOWTO

chrooted sftp

Homedir as defined in /etc/passwd /home/someuser

chmod 755 /home/someuser
chown root.root /home/someuser

And then create writable dir for user:

mkdir /home/someuser/downloads
chown someuser.someuser /home/someuser/downloads

 

Subsystem sftp internal-sftp

Per group:

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

 Match Group sftponly
   ChrootDirectory %h
   ForceCommand internal-sftp
   AllowTcpForwarding no
   PermitTunnel no
   X11Forwarding no

 #Remember this one to close Match block!
 Match all

Per user:

 Match User username
   ChrootDirectory %h
   ForceCommand internal-sftp
   AllowTcpForwarding no
   PermitTunnel no
   X11Forwarding no
 #Remember this one to close Match block!
 Match all

The ChrootDirectory must be owned by root.root with permissons 755. If you want group based access rights, you can do that in subdirectories.

 

ssh tunnel

ssh -L 1234:192.168.100.2:80 remotehost

And then connect to localhost:1234

 

Provide access to a server you can only reach from your desktop

Where S is the server you have firewall access on, and 192.168.150.223 the server you can only reach from office.

ssh -R S:1234:192.168.150.223:22 S

Remember to enable GatewayPorts on S and to allow access to port 1234

FAQ

Server side

key type ssh-rsa not in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms

PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-rsa

ssh multiplexing

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-reuse-openssh-connection

remember key passphrase

ssh-agent bash
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

root access from single host

Match Address 192.168.1.100
       PermitRootLogin yes

multihop tunnel

ssh -A -t -l user jump-host \
-L 8080:localhost:8080 \
ssh -A -t -l user webserver.dmz \
-L 8080:localhost:8080

OR in .ssh/config define

Host targethost
ProxyCommand ssh jumphost -W %h:%p

and then just

ssh -L 1234:<LAN address>:<port> targethost

SSH tunnel with putty

https://www.skyverge.com/blog/how-to-set-up-an-ssh-tunnel-with-putty/

Failed publickey

• acccess rights?

14: No supported authentication methods available [preauth]

Putty not configured to look at correct private key?

 

bind Cannot assign requested address

Maybe try ssh -4

Unable to negotiate with 192.168.100.4 port 22: no matching cipher found.

passing old cipher, like -o arcfour??

no matching host key type found

their offer: ssh-rsa:

HostkeyAlgorithms +ssh-rsa

and maybe

PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms +ssh-rsa

in .ssh/config

scp: no matching key exchange method found.

scp seems to ignore .ssh/config, so use

scp -o Ciphers=xxx

 

kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer

only way to find out about that is look on server

Reverse tunnel with autossh

1. https://superuser.com/questions/37738/how-to-reliably-keep-an-ssh-tunnel-open

autossh -M 0 -o "ServerAliveInterval 30" -o "ServerAliveCountMax 3" -fgNR :10023:localhost:22 the.server

And in the.server:/etc/ssh/sshd_config

GatewayPorts clientspecified

to allow connecting to 10023 from outside

As systemd service: In /etc/systemd/system/sshtunnel.service

[Unit]
Description=SSH Tunnel
After=network.target

[Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=20
User=root
ExecStart=/bin/ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=6 -gNR :10023:localhost:22 user@ssh.example.com

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

The RSA host key for host has changed

If you're migrating to a new server: copy /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key* to the new server

ssh require both key and user password

In sshd_config
 AuthenticationMethods "publickey,password"
# do not just set to no!
#PasswordAuthentication yes

add your key to remote authorized_keys

ssh-copy-id remotehost

or, if not installed:

cat ~/.ssh/rsa_pub.id | ssh remotehost "cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

Show key fingerprint

ssh-keygen -lf /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub

SSH Client side

kex_exchange_identification: banner line contains invalid characters

Sure you're talking to an ssh service?