FreeBSD: Difference between revisions
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*[http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/locale/ Locales] | *[http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/locale/ Locales] | ||
*[[Fixing FreeBSD with Fixit]] | *[[Fixing FreeBSD with Fixit]] | ||
*[http://wiki.freebsd.org/HAST Highly Available Storage] ([[HAST]]) | |||
*[http://people.freebsd.org/~hmp/utilities/satbl/vfs_sysctl.html sysctl] | |||
===NFS=== | ===NFS=== | ||
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===port forwarding=== | ===port forwarding=== | ||
*http://www.defcon1.org/natd.html | *http://www.defcon1.org/natd.html | ||
*http://www.erudition.net/freebsd/NAT-HOWTO | |||
*http://freebsd.rogness.net/redirect.cgi?basic/nat.html | |||
=Tips and Tricks= | =Tips and Tricks= | ||
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==Hardware info== | ==Hardware info== | ||
kenv | kenv (also shows hw vendor, model number etc) | ||
pciconf -lv | pciconf -lv | ||
grep -i cpu /var/run/dmesg.boot | grep -i cpu /var/run/dmesg.boot | ||
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grep memory /var/run/dmesg.boot | grep memory /var/run/dmesg.boot | ||
top | |||
systat -pigs | systat -pigs | ||
fstat -f /var | fstat -f /var | ||
Line 103: | Line 107: | ||
In /etc/ttys: | In /etc/ttys: | ||
ttyd0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on secure | ttyd0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on secure | ||
==Mount CDROM== | |||
http://www.freebsddiary.org/iso-mount.php | |||
==Check network traffic== | |||
systat -ifstat 1 | |||
trafshow | |||
=FAQ= | =FAQ= |
Latest revision as of 10:46, 11 July 2012
Documentation
- The handbook
- FreeBSD made easy
- The FreeBSD Diary
- http://www.freebsdwiki.net/
- http://www.freebsd-howto.com/
- the releng stuff
- How to build *BSD CVSup mirror
- UFS FAQ
- FreeBSD Jails
- Locales
- Fixing FreeBSD with Fixit
- Highly Available Storage (HAST)
- sysctl
NFS
Ports
Filesystems
Networking
ipfw
ipv6 on freebsd
port forwarding
- http://www.defcon1.org/natd.html
- http://www.erudition.net/freebsd/NAT-HOWTO
- http://freebsd.rogness.net/redirect.cgi?basic/nat.html
Tips and Tricks
- man intro
- man tuning
- mergemaster
- man pw
sysinstall
cd /sys/i386/conf ; make LINT
Rescue
Snapshots
Kernel modules
kldload kldstat etc
Hardware info
kenv (also shows hw vendor, model number etc) pciconf -lv grep -i cpu /var/run/dmesg.boot sysctl hw.ncpu
Checking resources
avialable memory
grep memory /var/run/dmesg.boot
top systat -pigs fstat -f /var systat -vm iostat gstat vmstat pstat sockstat
Building a kernel
cd /usr/src/sys
Serial console
- http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/console-server/freebsd.html
- http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html
Assuming you want to use keyboard/video as well as serial:
echo "-D" > /boot.config
In /boot/loader.conf:
boot_multicons="YES" boot_serial="YES" comconsole_speed="115200" console="comconsole,vidconsole"
In /etc/ttys:
ttyd0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on secure
Mount CDROM
http://www.freebsddiary.org/iso-mount.php
Check network traffic
systat -ifstat 1 trafshow
FAQ
Upgrading
cd /usr/src make buildworld make buildkernel KERNCONF=mykernel make installkernel KERNCONF=mykernel
or
portupgrade -P -f -a
Courier-imap certificates
check out /usr/local/share/mkimapdcert
crontab: temp file must be edited in place
Happens when you set EDITOR=vim. Fix it by setting :set nobackup and :set nowritebackup in .vimrc
ping: sendto: Permission denied
That's when you try to ping from inside a jail.
sysctl:
security.jail.allow_raw_sockets: 0
Timezones, date and time settings
- http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-set-date-and-time-timezone-in-freebsd/
- adjkerntz
- tzsetup
- ntp
Ports
Post install messages
/usr/ports/*/*/pkg-message
exclude from csup
To exclude for example /usr/ports/japanese, put in /var/db/refuse
ports/japanese
sample: /usr/src/share/examples/cvsup/refuse (or a refuse file in whatever base you defined in supfile)
config options used for a port
/var/db/ports/*/options
ssh taking a long time
In /etc/ssh/sshd_config
UseDNS no
files installed by ports
/var/db/pkg
Using large ( >2T ) drives
gpt create mfid1
create a 'slice' of 200000 sectors (this will automagically create /dev/mfid1p1
gpt add -s 2000000 mfid1
create one taking up the rest (/dev/mfid1p2)
gpt add mfid1
Migrate users/accounts
http://www.ggis.biz/wiki/index.php/FreeBSD_-_Migrate_Users
After editing /etc/master.passwd run
pwd_mkdb /etc/master.passwd
(careful with this not entirely tested advice )
truss: cannot open /proc/curproc/mem: No such file or directory
kldload procfs mount_procfs /dev/procfs /proc
But you're supposed to use sysctl?
Networking
Set default route
route add default 10.0.0.1
Delete default route
route delete default
rm: Operation not permitted
ls -lo chflags noschg