FreeBSD

Documentation

• The handbook
• FreeBSD made easy
• The FreeBSD Diary
• http://www.freebsdwiki.net/
• http://www.freebsd-howto.com/
• the releng stuff
• How to build *BSD CVSup mirror
• UFS FAQ
• FreeBSD Jails
• Locales
• Fixing FreeBSD with Fixit
• Highly Available Storage (HAST)
• sysctl

NFS

• http://freebsd.peon.net/quickies/5/
• http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/network-nfs.html

Ports

• http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/index.html

Filesystems

• UFS
• ZFS

Networking

• http://www.erudition.net/freebsd/NAT-HOWTO
• natd examples

• http://freebsd.rogness.net/redirect.cgi?basic/nat.html

ipfw

• ipfw-HOWTO
• http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2001/04/25/FreeBSD_Basics.html

ipv6 on freebsd

• IPv6 on FreeBSD

port forwarding

• http://www.defcon1.org/natd.html
• http://www.erudition.net/freebsd/NAT-HOWTO
• http://freebsd.rogness.net/redirect.cgi?basic/nat.html

Tips and Tricks

• man intro
• man tuning
• mergemaster
• man pw

sysinstall

cd /sys/i386/conf ; make LINT

Rescue

• System: Accessing a dead freebsd installation

Snapshots

• http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/snapshot/

Kernel modules

kldload kldstat etc

Hardware info

kenv (also shows hw vendor, model number etc)
pciconf -lv
grep -i cpu /var/run/dmesg.boot
sysctl hw.ncpu

Checking resources

avialable memory

grep memory /var/run/dmesg.boot

top
systat -pigs
fstat -f /var
systat -vm
iostat
gstat
vmstat
pstat
sockstat

Building a kernel

• http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-building.html

cd /usr/src/sys

Serial console

• http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/console-server/freebsd.html
• http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html

Assuming you want to use keyboard/video as well as serial:

echo "-D" > /boot.config

In /boot/loader.conf:

boot_multicons="YES"
boot_serial="YES"
comconsole_speed="115200"
console="comconsole,vidconsole"

In /etc/ttys:

ttyd0   "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600"   vt100   on  secure

Mount CDROM

http://www.freebsddiary.org/iso-mount.php

Check network traffic

systat -ifstat 1
trafshow

FAQ

Upgrading

• http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/upgrade/
• Rebuilding world

cd /usr/src
make buildworld
make buildkernel KERNCONF=mykernel
make installkernel KERNCONF=mykernel

or

portupgrade -P -f -a

Courier-imap certificates

check out /usr/local/share/mkimapdcert

crontab: temp file must be edited in place

Happens when you set EDITOR=vim. Fix it by setting :set nobackup and :set nowritebackup in .vimrc

ping: sendto: Permission denied

That's when you try to ping from inside a jail.

sysctl:

security.jail.allow_raw_sockets: 0

Timezones, date and time settings

• http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-set-date-and-time-timezone-in-freebsd/
• adjkerntz
• tzsetup
• ntp

Ports

Post install messages

/usr/ports/*/*/pkg-message

exclude from csup

To exclude for example /usr/ports/japanese, put in /var/db/refuse

ports/japanese

sample: /usr/src/share/examples/cvsup/refuse (or a refuse file in whatever base you defined in supfile)

config options used for a port

/var/db/ports/*/options

ssh taking a long time

In /etc/ssh/sshd_config

UseDNS no

files installed by ports

/var/db/pkg

Using large ( >2T ) drives

gpt create mfid1

create a 'slice' of 200000 sectors (this will automagically create /dev/mfid1p1

gpt add -s 2000000 mfid1

create one taking up the rest (/dev/mfid1p2)

gpt add mfid1

Migrate users/accounts

http://www.ggis.biz/wiki/index.php/FreeBSD_-_Migrate_Users

After editing /etc/master.passwd run

pwd_mkdb /etc/master.passwd 

(careful with this not entirely tested advice )

truss: cannot open /proc/curproc/mem: No such file or directory

kldload procfs
mount_procfs /dev/procfs /proc

But you're supposed to use sysctl?

Networking

Set default route

route add default 10.0.0.1

Delete default route

route delete default

rm: Operation not permitted

ls -lo
chflags noschg